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<p id="isPasted">There's a few different types of tests to consider:</p><ul><li>Quality Assurance (QA) - tests you run before you deploy code. Can test for problems you've never seen: numeric overflows, encodings, nulls, etc. This is simple to do with a python-based transformation process, but very difficult for SQL-based transformation processes.</li><li>Quality Control (QC) - tests data after you've ingested it. Can test for uniqueness, nulls, ranges, business rules, etc. I've built my own frameworks for this, but am currently using DBT's - which is pretty good. Others also exist.</li><li>Anomaly-Detection - tests for abnormal volumes and values in data, most typically …</li></ul>