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<p id="isPasted">An option is a contract giving the buyer the right—but not the obligation—to buy (in the case of a call) or sell (in the case of a put) the underlying asset at a specific price on or before a certain date. People use options for income, to speculate, and to hedge risk. They are known as derivatives because they derive their value from an underlying asset.</p><p>A stock option contract typically represents 100 shares of the underlying stock, but options may be written on any sort of underlying asset from bonds to currencies to commodities.</p>